"Many of the in-shore waters, where flushing is not adequate, their number (e-coli pathogens) is rising and of concern," Dr. S.W.A. Naqvi, outgoing Director of the Goa-based National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), said. He told media that the pollution was largely caused due to un-treated municipal waste being pumped into water-bodies. Scientists and pollution monitoring agencies have in the past warned about excessive pollution in Goa's rivers.