This was a deviation from the patients who had gut microbiome with greater "biological diversity". Their health situation was not affected to the same extent. The systems biologists from Chalmers with their modelling tools have largely been able to explain why both patient groups reacted as they did to the diet. "Amongst other things, we have been able to demonstrate that the intestines of the individuals with low-diversity gut microbiome produce fewer amino acids when they follow this diet. This is one explanation for the improved blood chemistry," said Nielsen.